MARYAM RAMZAN, M. R.; DR. MUHAMMAD SARWAR, . D. M. S. The Concept of Purification (Tahara) in Qur’an and its Scientific Basis: A Microbiological Analysis of Wudu, Ghusl, and Tayamum. Al Khadim Research Journal of Islamic Culture and Civilization, [S. l.], v. 7, n. 1, p. 1–11, 2026. Disponível em: https://www.arjicc.com/index.php/arjicc/article/view/498. Acesso em: 10 apr. 2026.